Automatic width detection

ABSTRACT

A width detecting system includes a sensor-LED array positioned across a path of a media and/or ribbon within a printing apparatus. The LEDs are adapted to produce light directed toward the media and/or ribbon path. The optical sensors are configured to detect the LED light, produce analog signals proportionate to the received amount of light, and transmit the signals to a signal receiving assembly for processing. Additionally or alternatively, a width detecting system can have an array of LEDs facing an array of sensors in such a way that the media and/or ribbon path is located between the arrays. A method for width detection includes analyzing sensor data to determine one or more transition point between media and no-media sections, and calculating media width. The method can include using sensor data collected for a reflective and/or transmissive sensor arrays, and can be used for media and/or ribbon width detection.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No.15/448,042, filed Mar. 2, 2017, the entire contents of which areincorporated herein by reference.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to thermal printing, and more particularlyto automatic media and ribbon width detection.

BACKGROUND

Generally speaking, thermal printing industry is lacking a reliable wayof media or ribbon width detection, which would be automatic andaccurate at the same time.

Standard means of width detection often offer only a part of a solution,by focusing either on automation, or on accuracy. For example, in U.S.Pat. No. 6,352,332 by Walker, a media edge detection method andapparatus uses a single scanning-carriage-based optical sensor todetermine a reflectance profile of the paper and pivot the carriagewhile scanning across the paper. The invention suggests recursivelyconverging the data to get a cumulative error. Japanese Pat. No.6,354,267 by Takeo discloses a method for detecting the presence ofpaper using linear pattern of reflective optical sensor disposed overentire width of printing paper or inlet or guide member. Japanese Pat.No. 60,233,504 by Akira et al. discloses a method of paper widthdetection using LED elements placed at particular intervals. Similarlyto the U.S. Pat. No. 6,354,267 patent, this invention does not offermeans for correcting the errors encountered in calculating the width.U.S. Pat. No. 8,646,869 by Yamazaki discloses a recording position errormeasurement apparatus, and an algorithm for calculating the positionerror measurements in image-based analysis for calculating the width,but it does not mention applying optical sensors for detecting paperwidth. Moreover, width detection solutions, such as described above,tend to suffer from a high cost of implementation, poor widthresolution, or even incomplete automation, requiring some level of userintervention or parts adjustment.

Some inventions are rather automatic, some are rather accurate, butneither of them offers automation and accuracy at the same time.Therefore, a need exists for an automatic and accurate media and ribbonwidth detection method and apparatus.

SUMMARY

Accordingly, in one aspect, the present invention embraces a system forautomatic and accurate media and ribbon width detection.

In an exemplary embodiment, a width detecting system includes asensor-LED array positioned across a path of a media and/or ribbonwithin a printing apparatus. The LEDs are adapted to produce lightdirected toward the media and/or ribbon path. The optical sensors areconfigured to detect the LED light, produce analog signals proportionateto the received amount of light, and transmit the signals to a signalreceiving assembly for processing.

In another exemplary embodiment, a printing region detecting deviceincludes a first assembly having an array of LEDs adapted to producelight directed toward a path of a media and/or ribbon. A second assemblyis disposed at a predetermined distance away from the first assembly andfacing the media/ribbon path and the first assembly. The second assemblyincludes an array of sensors configured to produce analog signals inresponse to receiving the light produced by the LEDs. An analog signalreceiving assembly is configured to receive and process analog signalsfrom the sensors.

In another aspect, the present invention embraces methods for widthdetection of media and/or ribbon.

In an exemplary embodiment, a method of detecting the width of mediaincludes analyzing analog-to-digital converter (ADC) sensor data todetermine which sensor of a sensor array provided a transition pointbetween a section with a media and a section with no media; determiningwhich neighbor sensors provided a substantially high and substantiallylow ADC values; and using those ADC values to calculate width of themedia.

In another exemplary embodiment, a method of detecting the width ofmedia includes analyzing analog-to-digital converter (ADC) sensor datato determine an ADC value and a position for a rising edge transitionpoint, indicating a transition from a section with no media to a sectionwith media, and an ADC value and a position for a falling edgetransition point, indicating a transition from the section with media toa section with no media; and calculating a width of the media using thedetermined positions of the rising and falling edges.

In yet another exemplary embodiment, a method of detecting the width ofmedia includes calculating a first width of a media using first sensordata collected for a transmissive sensor array; calculating a secondwidth of the media using second sensor data collected for a reflectivesensor array; and calculating a third width of the media using the firstand second widths of the media. The transmissive sensor array includesan array of sensors facing an array of LEDs in such a way that the mediacan pass between the sensor array and the LED array, and is configuredto detect light produced by the LEDs and not blocked by the media. Thereflective sensor array includes an array of sensors paired with anarray of LEDs in such a way that the media can pass above the sensor-LEDpairs, and is configured to detect light produced by the LEDs andreflected by the media.

The foregoing illustrative summary, as well as other exemplaryobjectives and/or advantages of the invention, and the manner in whichthe same are accomplished, are further explained within the followingdetailed description and its accompanying drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1A graphically depicts a width detecting system for a printingapparatus, according to an embodiment.

FIG. 1B schematically depicts an interaction of a width detecting systemfor a printing apparatus with a media and/or ribbon, according to anembodiment.

FIG. 2 graphically depicts a media and/or ribbon path within a printingapparatus, according to an embodiment.

FIG. 3 graphically depicts a printing region detecting device, accordingto an embodiment.

FIG. 4A schematically depicts a method of detecting the width of media,according to an embodiment.

FIG. 4B schematically depicts an example of implementation of the methodof FIG. 4A, according to an embodiment.

FIG. 4C schematically depicts experimental data acquired using themethod of FIG. 4B for a first sample.

FIG. 4D schematically depicts experimental data acquired using themethod of FIG. 4B for a second sample.

FIG. 4E schematically depicts experimental data acquired using themethod of FIG. 4B for a third sample.

FIG. 5A schematically depicts a method of detecting the width of media,according to another embodiment.

FIG. 5B schematically depicts an example of implementation of the methodof FIG. 5A, according to an embodiment.

FIG. 5C schematically depicts experimental data acquired using themethod of FIG. 5B.

FIG. 5D schematically depicts a variation of the method of FIG. 5B,according to an embodiment.

FIG. 5E schematically depicts a variation of the method of FIG. 5B,according to another embodiment.

FIG. 6A schematically depicts a method of detecting the width of media,according to yet another embodiment.

FIG. 6B schematically depicts an example of implementation of the methodof FIG. 6A, according to an embodiment.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The present invention embraces a width detecting system and a printingregion detecting device, which can eliminate the need in userintervention and part adjustment, while providing continuous widthdetection with improved accuracy, by using an array of LEDs and opticalsensors.

In an exemplary embodiment, a width detecting system 100 for a printingapparatus (FIGS. 1A, 1B) includes a sensor-LED array of optical sensor102 and LED 104 pairs positioned across a path of a media 106 and/orribbon 108 within a printing apparatus 200 (FIG. 2). A signal receivingassembly 110 (not shown) is configured to receive and process one ormore analog signals from the optical sensors 102. The LEDs 104 areadapted to produce light directed toward the media 106 path and/orribbon 108 path. The optical sensors 102 are configured to detect thelight produced by the LEDs 104, and produce the analog signalsproportionate to the received amount of light.

In an embodiment, the optical sensors 102 and/or the LEDs 104 caninclude infrared optical sensors and/or LEDs, respectively. The signalreceiving assembly 110 can include a multiplexer. The optical sensors102 and LEDs 104 can be operably coupled to one or more printed circuitboards (PCB) 112. Depending on an embodiment, each PCB 112 can host anarray of sensors 102, an array of LEDs 104, or an array of sensor-LEDpairs.

In FIG. 1B, the light produced by the LEDs 104 is shown with solid-linearrows; the light received by the optical sensors 102 is shown withdotted-line arrows; dashed-line arrows correspond to the light producedby the LEDs 104 and not scattered by the media 106 or ribbon 108. Thesensor-LED array can be designed to have a width sufficient to cover amaximum media/ribbon width that needs to be detected. In the figure, thewidth of the media 106 or ribbon 108 is shown narrower than the width ofthe sensor-LED array, thus leaving some of the sensor-LED pairs notcovered by the media/ribbon. For the sensor-LED pairs located under themedia/ribbon, the light produced by the LEDs 104 (solid-line arrows) canhit the media/ribbon, and get reflected towards the sensors 102(dotted-line arrows). For the sensor-LEDs pairs that are not locatedunder the media/ribbon, most of the LED 104 light will not bounce fromthe media/ribbon (dashed-line arrows), and will not be detected by thesensors 102.

The sensor-LED array can be positioned to face the media 106 and/orribbon 108 passing above the sensor-LED array. Alternatively, thesensor-LED array can be positioned to face the media 106 and/or ribbon108 passing below the sensor-LED array.

FIG. 2 shows several possible locations for the sensor-LED array in theprinting apparatus 200. As the sensor-LED array may be placed at anylocation along the media 106 and/or ribbon 108 path, the locationsdescribed below are provided for exemplary purposes, and are not meantto be limiting. For example, for media 106 width detection, thesensor-LED array can be disposed proximal to a print mechanism areaassembly 202 of the printing apparatus 200. Combining the sensor-LEDarray with a label stop sensor located in the print mechanism area maylead to apparatus cost reduction; additionally, such a design may bebeneficial for embodiments where the media 106 is placed outside of theprinting apparatus 200. Alternatively, the sensor-LED array can bedisposed proximal to a media hanger assembly 204 of the printingapparatus 200. For ribbon 108 width detection, the sensor-LED array canalso be disposed proximal to a ribbon supply assembly 206, or proximalto a ribbon take assembly 208 of the printing apparatus 200.

FIG. 3 shows an exemplary embodiment of a printing region detectingdevice 300. The device 300 includes a first assembly 302, having anarray of LEDs 304 adapted to produce light directed toward a path of amedia and/or ribbon 306. A second assembly 308 is disposed at apredetermined distance away from the first assembly 302 and facing themedia and/or ribbon path 306 and the first assembly 302. The secondassembly 308 includes an array of sensors 310 configured to produceanalog signals in response to receiving the light produced by the LEDs304. An analog signal receiving assembly 312 (not shown) is configuredto receive and process one or more analog signals from the sensors 310.In FIG. 3, the light produced by the LEDs 304 and received by thesensors 310 is shown with dotted-line arrows; the light produced by theLEDs 304 and blocked by the media and/or ribbon 306 is shown withsolid-line arrows.

In an embodiment, the array of sensors 308 can include an array ofinfrared sensors, and the array of LEDs 304 can include an array ofinfrared LEDs. The first assembly 302 can further include an array ofsecondary sensors proximal to the LED array, and configured to produceanalog signals in response to receiving the light produced by the LEDs304. The second assembly 308 can further include an array of secondaryLEDs proximal to the sensor array and adapted to produce light directedtoward a path of a media and/or ribbon 306.

An amount of the LEDs 304 can differ from an amount of the sensors 310.Alternatively, there can be equal amounts of the LEDs 304 and sensors310. Each LED 304 of the LED array can be positioned directly facing acorresponding sensor 310 of the sensor array. In an embodiment, the LEDs304 of the first assembly 302 and the sensors 310 of the second assembly308 can be operably coupled to printed circuit boards 314 a and 314 b,respectively.

In an embodiment, the first assembly 302 can be disposed below the mediaand/or ribbon path 306, and the second assembly 308 can be disposedabove the media and/or ribbon path 306. In another embodiment, the firstassembly 302 can be disposed above the media and/or ribbon path 306, andthe second assembly 308 can be disposed below the media and/or ribbonpath 306.

In an embodiment, the printing region detecting device 300 may belocated anywhere along the media and/or ribbon path. For example, thedevice 300 can be disposed proximal to a print mechanism area.Alternatively, the device 300 can be disposed proximal to a ribbonsupply assembly, or a ribbon take assembly. In another embodiment, thedevice 300 can be proximal to a media hanger area.

FIG. 3 depicts a case when the media is narrower than the assemblies 302and 308. In the case where the media 306 is positioned between of thesensors 310 and the LEDs 304, the light emitted by the LEDs 304 will beat least partially blocked by the media (solid-line arrows). In the casewhere the media 306 is not positioned between the LEDs 304 and thesensors 308, the light produced by the LEDs can remain unblocked(dotted-line arrows), and can reach the sensors 308.

In an embodiment, the sensors 308 can then produce an analog signalproportional to the amount of light received. For example, if the LEDlight is not blocked by the media/ribbon, an analog signal with a highvoltage can be produced. If only a portion of the light emitted by theLED is received, or no light is received at all, the sensor 308 cangenerate a mid-range or low-voltage voltage analog signal, respectively.

The device 300 can further include an analog signal converting meansconfigured to convert the analog signal received from the analog signalreceiving assembly 312 into a digital value. Additionally, the device300 can include a processing means configured to analyze the digitalsignal, and detect a printing region of the media and/or ribbon. Forexample, the sensor array 308 can transmit a plurality of analog signalsto a multiplexer, which in turn can transmit the signals to ananalog-to-digital converter (ADC) device to convert the analog signalsto digital signals. The digital signals can then be transmitted to aprinter CPU, and one or more width detection algorithms can be applied.In some embodiments, the use of the multiplexer may be optional, and maybe omitted; in that case, the plurality of analog signals can betransmitted directly to the ADC having a sufficient amount of channelsneeded to receive the analog signals.

In an embodiment, a system similar to the width detecting system 100 canbe combined with a device similar to the printing region detectingdevice 300, which may lead to improved width detection accuracy. Forexample, an embodiment can include a set of sensors facing a set ofLEDs, and an additional set of sensors and/or LEDs located within aprinting apparatus. Such sets may be placed anywhere along the mediaand/or ribbon path; e.g., in locations marked in FIG. 2.

Sensor data provided by a sensor array can be further used to calculatewidth of a media or a ribbon. As used herein, the terms media and ribbonmay be used interchangeably and considered synonymous depending on thecontext, unless further definition is provided.

FIG. 4A shows a method 400 of detecting the width of media, according toan embodiment. At 402, analog-to-digital converter (ADC) sensor data fora plurality of sensors in a sensor array is analyzed to determine whichsensor of the sensor array provided an ADC value for a transition pointbetween a section with a media and a section with no media. At 404, itis determined which neighbor sensor provided a substantially high ADCvalue (ADC_high), and which neighbor sensor provided a substantially lowADC value (ADC_low). At 406, the ADC_high and ADC_low values are used tocalculate width of the media.

In an embodiment, using the ADC_high and ADC_low values, 406, caninclude calculating a threshold middle ADC value between the ADC_highand ADC_low values, calculating a difference value between the ADC_highand ADC_low values, and/or calculating a difference between thethreshold middle ADC value and the transition point ADC value. Themethod 400 can include using a linear ratio to calculate the width ofthe media. Additionally or alternatively, depending on the printerdesign, the method 400 can include calculating the width using othermethods, which will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The method400 can further include collecting the ADC sensor data.

The method 400 can be configured to use ADC data produced by areflective sensor array (for example, similar to a sensor arraydescribed in relation to FIG. 1B), or a transmissive sensor array (forexample, similar to a sensor array described in relation to FIG. 3). Inthe case of the reflective sensor array implementation, a higher ADCvalue (ADC_high) will correspond to a section with a media, and a lowerADC value (ADC_low) will correspond to a section with no media. In thecase of the transmissive sensor array implementation, a higher ADC value(ADC_high) will correspond to a section with no media, and a lower ADCvalue (ADC_low) will correspond to a section with a media.

In an embodiment, the method 400 can be used for width detection ofmedia and/or ribbon in a spine align bias printer. For example, themethod 400 can be applied for an industrial printer range. Although thedescription of the method 400 provided above refers to width detectionof a media, the method 400 can also be applied for detecting the widthof a ribbon.

FIG. 4B shows an example of implementation 410 of the method 400described in relation to FIG. 4A, according to an embodiment. Valueswhich may be hardcoded in the system include: ‘SensorPitch’ (distancebetween two sensors); ‘ErrorCorrection’ (standard offset predefinedduring printer development to bring the calculated width to the realwidth); and ‘SafeMargin’ (number of sensors acting as neighbors to the‘mid.value’ position being checked on each side to determine a‘safe.Low’ and ‘safe.High’ values).

In an embodiment, the method 410 includes 412, collecting ADC sensordata for each sensor in an array, performed by a printer algorithm. At414, a formula is applied to determine which sensor provided atransition point between a section with media (or ribbon) and a sectionwith no media (or no ribbon). A corresponding ADC value (‘mid.value’)and position (‘pos’) of that sensor are stored. At 416, it is determinedwhat represents an ADC value with media present and an ADC value with nomedia present. At this point, following ADC values are known: no media(‘safe.Low’); media (‘safe.High’); and transition value between mediaand no media (‘mid.value’). At 418, 420, and 422, an internal thresholdvalue corresponding to a middle point (‘threshold.1’), and deltasbetween different ADC states (‘delta.safe.HL’ and ‘delta.mid-th1’) arecalculated. At 424, a position of a mid-range value relative the middlepoint ‘threshold.1’ between the no-media and media value is examined,and a formula is applied to calculate the width of the media (orribbon).

FIGS. 4C, 4D, 4E and Tables 1A-1D show experimental data acquired usingthe method 410, shown in FIG. 4B. Following values were hardcoded:dpi=203; SensorPitch=0.25; SafeMargin=1; ErrorCorrection=0.05.

The data was collected using three media samples:

media 1 was 2.1 in wide and the algorithm detected 2.0916 in (FIG. 4C);

media 2 was 2.9 in wide and the algorithm detected 2.909 in (FIG. 4D);and

media 3 was 2.1 in wide and the algorithm detected 2.0873 in (FIG. 4E).

TABLE 1A Experimental data for width detection obtained with method 410(step 412). Media 1 Media 2 Media 3 # pos ADC1-2.1 ADC2-2.9 ADC3-2.1 1 0532 499 419 2 0.25 521 562 432 3 0.5 498 545 414 4 0.75 475 519 396 5 1453 507 385 6 1.25 452 492 378 7 1.5 427 470 372 8 1.75 421 470 366 9 2334 440 292 10 2.25 160 449 155 11 2.5 165 426 149 12 2.75 165 409 16213 3 162 159 157 14 3.25 158 158 159 15 3.5 154 155 154 16 3.75 146 151150 17 4 110 112 109

TABLE 1B Experimental data for width detection obtained with method 410(step 412). # pos m1-2.1 m2-2.9 m3-2.1 th1-2.1 th1-2.9 th1-m3-2.1 1 0421 426 366 290.5 292.5 260.5 2 0.25 421 426 366 290.5 292.5 260.5 3 0.5421 426 366 290.5 292.5 260.5 4 0.75 421 426 366 290.5 292.5 260.5 5 1421 426 366 290.5 292.5 260.5 6 1.25 421 426 366 290.5 292.5 260.5 7 1.5421 426 366 290.5 292.5 260.5 8 1.75 421 426 366 290.5 292.5 260.5 9 2334 426 292 290.5 292.5 260.5 10 2.25 160 426 155 290.5 292.5 260.5 112.5 160 426 155 290.5 292.5 260.5 12 2.75 160 409 155 290.5 292.5 260.513 3 160 159 155 290.5 292.5 260.5 14 3.25 160 159 155 290.5 292.5 260.515 3.5 160 159 155 290.5 292.5 260.5 16 3.75 160 159 155 290.5 292.5260.5 17 4 160 159 155 290.5 292.5 260.5

TABLE 1C Experimental data for width detection obtained with method 410(step 414). Media 1 Media 2 Media 3 # pos delta1 delta2 delta3 1 0 0 0 02 0.25 34 −46 5 3 0.5 46 43 36 4 0.75 45 38 29 5 1 23 27 18 6 1.25 26 3713 7 1.5 31 22 12 8 1.75 93 30 80 9 2 261 21 211 10 2.25 169 14 143 112.5 −5 40 −7 12 2.75 3 267 −8 13 3 7 251 3 14 3.25 8 4 3 15 3.5 12 7 916 3.75 44 43 45 17 4 146 151 150

TABLE 1D Experimental data for width detection obtained with method 410(steps 414-424). Media 1 Media 2 Media 3 Step 414 Max.Delta 261 267 211pos (in) 2 2.75 2 mid.value 334 409 292 Step 416 safe.Low 160 159 155safe.High 421 426 366 Step 418 threshold.1 290.5 292.5 260.5 Step 420delta.safe.HL 261 267 211 Step 422 delta.mid-th1 43.5 116.5 31.5 Step424 media width 2.091666667 2.909082397 2.087322275 Verification realsize 2.1 2.9 2.1 with real error in 0.008 −0.009 0.013 media incheserror in dot 1.69 −1.84 2.57

FIG. 5A shows a method 500 of detecting the width of media, according toanother embodiment. At 502, analog-to-digital converter (ADC) sensordata is analyzed to determine a first ADC value for a rising edgetransition point, indicating a transition from a first section with nomedia to a second section with media, and a second ADC value for afalling edge transition point, indicating a transition from the secondsection with media to a third section with no media. At 504, the firstand second ADC values are used to determine positions of a rising edgeand a falling edge. And at 506, a width of the media is calculated usingthe determined positions of the rising edge and the falling edge.

In an embodiment, using the first and second ADC values, 504, providedby a first and a second sensor, respectively, can include determiningADC values for sensors surrounding the first and second sensors. Themethod 500 can further include using the ADC values of the surroundingsensors to determine positions of the rising edge and the falling edge,which may correspond to a transition from the first section with nomedia to the second section with media to the third section with nomedia, respectively.

In an embodiment, the method 500 can be used for width detection ofmedia and/or ribbon in a center bias printer. For example, the method500 can be used in a portable or a desktop printer. The method 500 canbe applied to detecting small offset of the media along the width. Forexample, the offset may stem from mechanical tolerance. The method 500can further include collecting the ADC data for a plurality of sensorsin a sensor array.

FIG. 5B shows an example of implementation 510 of the method 500described in relation to FIG. 5A, according to an embodiment. Valueswhich may be hardcoded in the system, include: ‘SensorPitch’ (distancebetween two sensors); ‘ErrorCorrection’ (standard offset predefinedduring printer development to bring the calculated width to the realwidth); and ‘SafeMargin’ (number of sensors acting as neighbors to the‘mid.value’ position being checked on each side to determine a‘safe.Low’ and ‘safe.High’ values).

In an embodiment, the method 510 includes 512, collecting ADC sensordata for each sensor in an array, performed by a printer algorithm. At514, two transition points are determined: between a section with nomedia and a section with media (‘r.mid.value’)—also referred to as arising edge; and between the section with media and a section with nomedia (‘f.mid.value’)—also referred to as a falling edge. At 516, it isdetermined what represents an ADC value with media present and an ADCvalue with no media present, for the two transition points determined at514. At this point, following ADC values are known: no media after thefalling edge (‘f.safe.Low’); media before the falling edge(‘f.safe.High’); no media after the rising edge (‘r.safe.Low’); mediabefore the rising edge (‘r.safe.High’). At 518, 529, and 522 internalthreshold values corresponding to middle points (‘f.threshold.1’ and‘r.threshold.2’), and deltas between different ADC states(‘f.delta.safe.HL’, ‘r.delta.safe.HL’, ‘f.delta.mid-th’ and‘r.delta.mid-th’) are calculated for the falling and rising edge datapoints, respectively. At 524, a position of a mid.value relative to theno-media and media value is examined to calculate a position of eachedge (‘r.media.edge’ for the rising edge value, and ‘f.media.edge’ forthe falling edge value). At 526, the width of the media is calculated asa difference between the falling edge and the rising edge:width=f.media.edge−r.media.edge.

FIG. 5C and Tables 2A and 2B show experimental data acquired using themethod 510, shown in FIG. 5B. Following values were hardcoded: dpi=203;SensorPitch=0.25; SafeMargin=1; f.ErrorCorrection=0.05; andr.ErrorCorrection=0.05.

The data was collected using one media sample; media 1 was 2.1 in wide,and the algorithm detected 2.0628 in width.

TABLE 2A Experimental data for width detection obtained with method 510(steps 512-514). Step 512 Step 514 # pos ADC1-2.1 m1-2.1 m2-2.1 th1-2.1th2-2.1 delta1 1 0 132 393 119 276 274.5 0 2 0.25 123 393 119 276 274.514 3 0.5 118 393 119 276 274.5 4 4 0.75 119 393 119 276 274.5 −186 5 1304 393 304 276 274.5 −311 6 1.25 430 393 430 276 274.5 −118 7 1.5 422393 430 276 274.5 11 8 1.75 419 393 430 276 274.5 11 9 2 411 393 430 276274.5 8 10 2.25 411 393 430 276 274.5 8 11 2.5 403 393 430 276 274.5 1812 2.75 393 393 430 276 274.5 184 13 3 219 219 430 276 274.5 234 14 3.25159 159 430 276 274.5 65 15 3.5 154 159 430 276 274.5 14 16 3.75 145 159430 276 274.5 46 17 4 108 159 430 276 274.5 145

TABLE 2B Experimental data for width detection obtained with method 510(steps 514-526). Falling Rising Media 1 edge edge Step 514 Max.Delta 234Min.Delta −311 f.pos (in) 3 r.pos (in) 1 f.mid.value 219 r.mid.value 304Step 516 f.safe.Low 159 r.safe.Low 119 f.safe.High 393 r.safe.High 430Step 518 f.threshold.1 276 r.threshold.2 274.5 Step 520 f.delta.safe.234 r.delta. 311 HL safe.HL Step 522 f.delta.mid-th −57 r.delta. 29.5mid-th Step 524 f.media 2.989102564 r.media 0.926286174 edge edge Step526 media width 2.06281639 Verification real size 2.1 with real error inmedia inches 0.037 error in dot 7.55

FIG. 5D shows a variation 530 of a method of detecting the width ofmedia, according to another embodiment. The method 530 can be appliedfor a center bias printer, for example. At 532, a position of a fallingedge (‘f.media.edge’) is determined. For example, the position can becalculated using a method similar to the method 410. At 540, a width iscalculated as double the distance between a center-width of a printer(‘center.pos’) and the falling edge:width=2*(f.media.edge−center.pos),

where ‘center.pos’ can be a hardcoded value. For example, for 4 inprinter width, it will equal 2 in.

FIG. 5E shows another variation 540 of a method of detecting the widthof media, according to an embodiment. The method 540 can be applied fora center bias printer, for example. At 542, a falling and rising mediaedges are calculated. For example, the positions (‘r.media.edge’ and‘f.media.edge’) can be calculated using a method similar to the method510, with an exception of the 526. Instead, at 544, a width iscalculated as double the distance between an average between the twoedge values and a center-width of a printer:width=2*(Average(f.media.edge, r.media.edge)−center.pos),

where ‘center.pos’ can be a hardcoded value. For example, for 4 inprinter width, it will equal 2 in.

FIG. 6 shows a method 600 of detecting the width of media, according toanother embodiment. At 602, a first width of a media is calculated usingfirst sensor data collected for a transmissive sensor array. At 604, asecond width of the media is calculated using second sensor datacollected for a reflective sensor array. And at 606, a third width ofthe media is calculated using the first and second widths of the media.The transmissive sensor array includes an array of sensors facing anarray of LEDs in such a way that the media can pass between the sensorarray and the LED array. The sensors of the transmissive sensor arrayare configured to detect light produced by the LEDs and not blocked bythe media. The reflective sensor array includes an array of sensorspaired with an array of LEDs in such a way that the media can pass abovethe sensor-LED pairs. The sensors of the reflective sensor array areconfigured to detect light produced by the LEDs and reflected by themedia.

In an embodiment, the method 600 can further include calculating thethird width of the media using the first and second widths taken withpredetermined multiplicative coefficients. For example, themultiplicative coefficient for the first width can be set to exceed themultiplicative coefficient for the second width. The method 600 can alsobe applied for detecting the width of a ribbon. The method 600 can beapplied to printers having both transmissive and reflective sensorarrays.

FIG. 6B shows an example of implementation 610 of the method 600described in relation to FIG. 6A, according to an embodiment. Valueswhich may be hardcoded in the system, include: ‘RefCoef’ (multiplicativecoefficient for the ‘reflective.width’), and ‘IransCoef’ (multiplicativecoefficient for the ‘transmissive.width’).

In an embodiment, the method 610 includes 612, calculating a first width‘reflective.width’ using a reflective method. At 614, a second width‘transmissive.width’ is calculated using a transmissive method. Forexample, the reflective method can include width detection using areflective sensor array as described above, and transmissive method caninclude width detection using a transmissive sensor array as describedabove. At 616, a third width is calculated as an average of the firstwidth and the second width, both values taken with a correspondingmultiplicative coefficient (‘RefCoef’ and ‘TranCoef’, respectively). Themultiplicative coefficients may be assigned based on an anticipatedrelative accuracy of the width-detecting methods. For example, the‘RefCoef’ may be set to be higher than the ‘TranCoef’.

Device and method components are meant to show only those specificdetails that are pertinent to understanding the embodiments of thepresent disclosure so as not to obscure the disclosure with details thatwill be readily apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art havingthe benefit of the description herein. In various embodiments, thesequence in which the elements of appear in exemplary embodimentsdisclosed herein may vary. Two or more method steps may be performedsimultaneously or in a different order than the sequence in which theelements appear in the exemplary embodiments.

EXAMPLE EMBODIMENTS

A1. A method of detecting the width of media, comprising:

analyzing analog-to-digital converter (ADC) sensor data for a pluralityof sensors in a sensor array to determine which sensor of the sensorarray provided an ADC value for a transition point between a sectionwith a media and a section with no media;

determining which neighbor sensor provided a substantially high ADCvalue (ADC_high), and which neighbor sensor provided a substantially lowADC value (ADC_low); and

using the ADC_high and ADC_low values to calculate a width of the media.

A2. The method according to embodiment A1, wherein using the ADC_highand ADC_low values includes calculating a threshold middle ADC valuebetween the ADC_high and ADC_low values, calculating a difference valuebetween the ADC_high and ADC_low values, and/or calculating a differencebetween the threshold middle ADC value and the transition point ADCvalue.

A3. The method according to embodiment A1, further including using alinear ratio to calculate the width of the media.

A4. The method according to embodiment A1, further including collectingthe ADC sensor data.

B1. A method of detecting the width of media, comprising:

analyzing analog-to-digital converter (ADC) sensor data for a pluralityof sensors in a sensor array to determine a first ADC value for a risingedge transition point, indicating a transition from a first section withno media to a second section with media, and a second ADC value for afalling edge transition point, indicating a transition from the secondsection with media to a third section with no media;

using the first and second ADC values to determine positions of a risingedge and a falling edge; and

calculating a width of the media using the determined positions of therising edge and the falling edge.

B2. The method according to embodiment B1, wherein using the first andsecond ADC values provided by a first and a second sensor, respectively,includes determining ADC values for sensors surrounding the first andsecond sensors.

B3. The method according to embodiment B2, further including using theADC values of the surrounding sensors to determine positions of therising edge and the falling edge.

C1. A method of detecting the width of media, comprising:

calculating a first width of a media using first sensor data collectedfor a transmissive sensor array;

calculating a second width of the media using second sensor datacollected for a reflective sensor array; and

calculating a third width of the media using the first and second widthsof the media;

wherein the transmissive sensor array includes an array of sensors

-   -   facing an array of LEDs in such a way that the media can pass        between the sensor array and the LED array, and    -   configured to detect light produced by the LEDs and not blocked        by the media; and

wherein the reflective sensor array includes an array of sensors

-   -   paired with an array of LEDs in such a way that the media can        pass above the sensor-LED pairs, and    -   configured to detect light produced by the LEDs and reflected by        the media.

C2. The method according to embodiment C1, further including calculatingthe third width of the media using the first and second widths takenwith predetermined multiplicative coefficients.

C3. The method according to embodiment C2, further including using apredetermined multiplicative coefficient for the first width exceeding apredetermined multiplicative coefficient for the second width.

To supplement the present disclosure, this application incorporatesentirely by reference the following commonly assigned patents, patentapplication publications, and patent applications:

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In the specification and/or figures, typical embodiments of theinvention have been disclosed. The present invention is not limited tosuch exemplary embodiments. The use of the term “and/or” includes anyand all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. Thefigures are schematic representations and so are not necessarily drawnto scale. Unless otherwise noted, specific terms have been used in ageneric and descriptive sense and not for purposes of limitation.

The invention claimed is:
 1. A method, comprising: producing light, by aset of light emitting diode (LEDs) of a sensor-LED array, wherein thesensor-LED array comprises a set of optical sensors and thecorresponding set of LEDs positioned within a printing apparatus,wherein the light produced is directed to cover a maximum width of aprinting media; detecting the light, by the set of optical sensors ofthe sensor-LED array, and producing analog signals that have a magnitudeproportional to an amount of detected light at respective opticalsensors; and receiving and processing, by a signal receiving assembly,the analog signals from the optical sensors to determine a width of themedia based on the magnitude of the analog signals.
 2. The methodaccording to claim 1, wherein the detecting light further comprisesdetecting reflected light from the printing media.
 3. A method fordetecting printing media width, comprising: analyzing sensor data for aplurality of optical sensors in an array of sensor-LED pairs, whereinthe sensor data corresponds to a plurality of values corresponding todifferent regions; determining a first sensor value that corresponds tofirst region that comprises printing media, and a second sensor valuethat corresponds to a second region that does not comprise printingmedia, and a third sensor value that corresponds to a third region thatis a transition region that comprises a first subregion of no printingmedia, and a second subregion of printing media, wherein the firstsensor value is higher than the second sensor value; and calculating theprinting media width based on the first, second and third sensor values.4. A method for detecting printing media width according to claim 3,comprising: analyzing analog-to-digital converter (ADC) sensor data;determining, from the analyzed ADC sensor data, a first ADC value for arising edge transition point, indicating a transition from a firstsection with no printing media to a second section with printing media;determining, from the analyzed ADC sensor data, a second ADC value for afalling edge transition point, indicating a transition from the secondsection with printing media to a third section with no printing media;and calculating, based on the transition point of rising edge and thetransition point falling edge, the printing media width.
 5. The methodaccording to claim 4, wherein: determining the first ADC value and thesecond ADC value at least in part by a first sensor and a second sensorrespectively; and determining the first and second ADC values at leastin part by sensors surrounding the first and second sensors.
 6. Themethod according to claim 4, wherein determining a rising edge positionand a falling edge position based on the first ADC value and the secondADC value.
 7. The method according to claim 4, wherein the width of themedia is calculated using the determined positions of the rising edgeand the falling edge.
 8. The method according to claim 7, whereindetermining positions of the rising edge transition point and thefalling edge transition point using ADC values of the surroundingsensors, the positions correspond to a transition from the first sectionwith no media to the second section with media to the third section withno media, respectively.
 9. The method according to claim 3, furthercomprising calculating a threshold middle ADC value based on the firstsensor value and the second sensor value.
 10. The method according toclaim 9, further comprising calculating a difference between thethreshold middle ADC value and the first ADC value.
 11. The methodaccording to claim 3, further comprising calculating a differencebetween the first sensor value and the second sensor value.
 12. Themethod according to claim 3, wherein calculating the printing mediawidth is based on a linear ratio.
 13. The method according to claim 3,wherein: determining the printing media width in a spine align biasprinter; or determining the printing media width in a center align biasprinter.
 14. A method for detecting a printing region, comprising:producing light, by a light emitting diode in a first assembly, whereinthe light is directed toward a path of a printing ribbon; producing afirst analog signal, by a first sensor of a second assembly in responseto receiving the light produced by the light emitting diode, wherein thesecond assembly is disposed at a predetermined distance away from thefirst assembly and facing the printing ribbon and the first assembly,producing a second analog signal, by a second sensor proximal to thelight emitting diode in the first assembly, in response to receiving thelight produced by the light emitting diode; and receiving andprocessing, by an analog signal receiving assembly, a combined analogsignal from the first sensor and the second sensor to determine a widthof the printing ribbon.
 15. The method according to claim 14, wherein:the combined analog signal is high when light produces by the lightemitting diode is not blocked by the printing ribbon; and the combinedanalog signal is low when the light produced by the light emitting diodeis blocked by the printing ribbon.
 16. The method according to claim 14,wherein a high value and low value of the combined analog signal is usedto detect the width of the printing ribbon.
 17. The method according toclaim 14, wherein a threshold middle value of the combined analog iscalculated to detect the width of media/ribbon.
 18. The method accordingto claim 14, wherein a difference of a high value and low value of thecombined analog signal is calculated to detect the width of the printingribbon.
 19. The method according to claim 14, further comprisingconverting the combined analog signal received from the analog signalreceiving assembly into a digital value.